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Tn uú; lrjk kefKda ;dlaIkh
l=Kq fld,af,g msg rgg úlsfKk wfma iïm;
wms wfma ñksrka ^VEIN GRAPHITE& fuá%la fgdka tlla weußldkq fvd,¾ 1200 lg msgrgg mgjuq' msg/áfhda tu ñksrka fhdod ksIamdokh lrkq ,nk ;ks ia:r ldnka kefkda áhqíia ^Single Wall Carbon Nano Tubes - SWCNT'S& tl .%Eï tlla we' fvd,¾ 450 l ñ,lg" fj<|fmdf<a wf,ú lr;s' fï fjki wm jgyd .kafka ljodo@
wo wfma rfÜ wdKavq mlaIh fiau úreoaO mlaIh;a" tfiau rfÜ uyck;dj;a oEia ne|f.k lKduqÜáh ì£fï" uyd cd;sl l%Svdjl ksr; ù isà' myr Èh hq;= ksYaÑ; ch.%dyS b,lalh" yqol,d ù Tfya t,af,ñka ;sìh § wms" w;e;s uq.=r lsisÿ b,lalhla ke;sj" y;r wf;a jkñka" tlsfkldf.a T¿ m,d .ksñka ld,h .; lruq' cd;shla jYfhka ksoyi ,nd jir 65 la bl=;a ù yudrh' ksoyiska miqj wm wd u. foi wdmiq yeÍ ne,Sfï § ieneúkau wm iskdish hq;= o@ ke;skï yeçh hq;= oehs wmgu fkdf;af¾'
wo wfma rfÜ wdKavq mlaIh fiau úreoaO mlaIh;a" tfiau rfÜ uyck;dj;a oEia ne|f.k lKduqÜáh ì£fï" uyd cd;sl l%Svdjl ksr; ù isà' myr Èh hq;= ksYaÑ; ch.%dyS b,lalh" yqol,d ù Tfya t,af,ñka ;sìh § wms" w;e;s uq.=r lsisÿ b,lalhla ke;sj" y;r wf;a jkñka" tlsfkldf.a T¿ m,d .ksñka ld,h .; lruq' cd;shla jYfhka ksoyi ,nd jir 65 la bl=;a ù yudrh' ksoyiska miqj wm wd u. foi wdmiq yeÍ ne,Sfï § ieneúkau wm iskdish hq;= o@ ke;skï yeçh hq;= oehs wmgu fkdf;af¾'
óg jir yhlg fmr Èjhsfka úYsIag;u l¾udka;lrejdg ysñ rka iïudkh msßkeófï j¾K rd;%sh mej;s" fld<U .,Odß fydag,fha § tÈk m%Odk wuq;a;df.a foiqu l< uydpd¾h ;siai ú;drKfhda" r;a;rx jákd l;djla lf<a h' zwkd.; Y%S ,xld fi!Nd.Hfha h;=rZ kefKda ;dlaIKh neõ t;=fuda tys § im: l<y' rg ixj¾Okh lsÍu Wfoid ksielju bÈßfha § kefKda ;dlaIKh fhdod .kakd njg t;=ud m<l< woyi ,shqïlref.a is;g f.k wdfõ wÆ;a n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla h' t;eka isg Tyq is;d neÆfõ óg fmr lsisodl wid ke;s kefKda ;dlaIKh rgl bÈß .ukg fï yeá n,mdkafka flfiao lshdh'
fuhska jir follg miq" fld<U úYajúoHd,fha" udkj iïm;a" wNsj¾Ok wdh;kfha wOHlaIjrhd jQ wdpd¾h tÉ' fla' ysßUqf¾.u uy;d f.a foiqulg ijka §fï wjia:dj ,o ,shqïlreg" wdpd¾h ysßUqf¾.u uy;d úiska kefKda ;dlaIKh ms<sn| ;u isf;a we;s l< l=;=y,h ixis÷jd .ekSug ksielju yels jQfha" w.aksÈ. wdishdfõ isák lS¾;su;a kefKda ;dlaIKfõ§ bxðfkarejrhl=" úoHd{hl= jk wdpd¾h ,s,ka; iurkdhlfhda" j¾I 2011 § fmardfoKsh úYajúoHd,fha bxðfkare msGfha § oek y÷kd.ekSfuka miqj h'
wdpd¾h ,s,ka; iurkdhlfhda" Y%S ,la ujf.a ;j;a jákd udkj iïm;la neõ jgyd.;a ,shqïlre cd;sl rEmjdysksh Tiafia fukau zÈjhskZ we;=¿ cd;sl mqj;am;a Tiafia o kefKda ;dlaIKh ms<sn| Tyq i;= oekqu rggu fy<s lf<a" fï jákd udkj iïm;" Okj;a fmdfydi;a rglg úlsKShdfodahs hk wksh; ìh ksid h' fldáka u fuu udkj iïm; /l .ekSu Wfoidh'
tfia u fmdfydi;a rgla úiska fudyq .s, .ekSug fmr" Tyq i;= oekqfuka kefKda ;dlaIKh yryd wmf.a ud;DNQñhg Wmßu fufyjr ,nd §fï o mrud¾:fhks' tfy;a miqlf,l" kefKda ;dlaIKfhka rg nen,ùug isysk uejQ uydpd¾h ;siai ú;drKfhda" fcHIaG wud;Hjrhl= njg m;a ù úfõlS iqjfhka" isysk oelSug yd isysk ueùug bvyi, ,oafoa h' kefKda ;dlaIKh isyskhla fkdj ienEjla njg m;alr.;a f,dalfha fndfyda rgj,a fï jk úg wm miqlr ÿr .ukla f.diska h' wms ;ju;a rka wdlrhla u; ys|f.k nq,;a úg imñka y;r w; fl, .iñka isákafkuq'
l=vd nj" fõ.j;a nj yd ,dNodhslu ksid kefKda ;dlaIKh f,dj mqrd ckm%shj mj;S' kefKda ógrh tys jQ ñKqï oKavhs'
wm y÷kk ógrhlska ì,shkhlska tla fldgila jQ kefKda ógrhl úIalïNh wmf.a flia .il úIalïNhg jvd 80"000 jdrhlska l=vd h' kefKda wxYqjla t,af,a l%Svd lrk mkaÿjla iu. ii|d n,kafka kï t,af,a mkaÿj kefKda wxYqj fuka 107 jdrhla ^10"000"0000& úYd, h'
m%udKh tfia jqjo" kefKda ;dlaIKsl ksuehqï yd o%jH .ek i,ld ne,Sfï §" tajdfha jQ ieye,aÆ nj" Yla;su;a nj" úksúoNdjh iy l%shdYS,SNdjh" blauka m%;sl%shdldÍNdjh jeks .=Kdx. iy fjk;a o%jH yd ñY% lsÍfuka miq tlS o%jHhkag ,ndfok w;suy;a Yla;sh yd l¾hlaIu nj kefKda ;dlaIKh flf¾ f,dalfha u wjOdkh fhduq ùug fya;= úh'
kefKda ;dlaIKh Wfoid" m¾fhaIK iy ixj¾Ok lghq;= lsÍu ^Research and Development& fjkqfjka f,dalfha hï hï rgj,a jd¾Isl whjefhka fjka lrkq ,nk w;suy;a uqo,a iïNdrh .ek is;k úg tod uydpd¾h ;siai ú;drK uy;d ÿgq isyskh" we,äkaf.a mqÿu myk ,nd .ekSfï l;dj jdf.a hEhs hful=g isf;kakg o ms<sfjk'
j¾I 2015 § imqrd .; hq;= b,lal flakao%fldg .ksñka j¾I 2010 § c¾uksh Èh;a l< mia wjqreÿ kefKda ;dlaIK wNsjDoaê l%shdkaú;h i|yd fjka lrk ,o uqo, hqfrda ñ,shk 400 ls' fuu uqo, kefKda ;dlaIKh jeä ÈhqKq lsÍu Wfoid ngysr hqfrdamSh rgla fjkal< úYd,u uqo, fia ie,fla'
n,Yla;sh" foaY.=Kh" fi!LHh iy wdydr" wdrlaIdj iy ixp,kh ^mobility& hk laIa;%hkays ixj¾Okh iy wê ;dlaIKsl Wmdh ud¾. jeäÈhqKq lsÍu" kefKda ;dlaIKsl l%ufõohka ;=<ska ;u foaYh fj; Èkd .ekSu tys wfmalaIdj hs'
b;d,sfha rdcH iy fm!oa.,sl fowxYfhkau kefKda ;dlaIKfõoh ms<sn|j m¾fhaIK lsÍu i|yd ixúOdk iy wdh;k 190 la l%shd;aul fjñka mj;S' ta u.ska kefKda T!IO ^Nano medicine&" kefKda bf,lafg%dkslaia ^Nano Electronics&" kefKda m%ldY ;ka;= ^Nano Optic Fiber&" kefKda wuqo%jH ^Nano materials& hk lafIa;% j,ska Wmßu M, ,nd .ekSu Tjqkaf.a n,dfmdfrd;a;=jhs'
c¾uksh yereK úg kefKda ;dlaIKh Wfoid úYd, uqo,la jd¾Islj fjka lrkq ,nk wfkla rg jkafka Ökhhs' tu uqo, weußldkq fvd,¾ ñ,shk 250 ls' reishdj jd¾Islj fvd,¾ ñ,shk 25 la o" wfma wi,ajeis bkaÈhdj jirlg fvd,¾ ñ,shk 23 lao" kefKda m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok lghq;= i|yd jeh lrhs'
uydpd¾h iS' tka' wd¾' rdfjda m%uqL bkaÈhdkq úoaj;=ka msßila bkaÈhdfõ úYajúoHd, moaO;s iïnkaO lrf.k" cd;sl kefKda ;dlaIKsl úoHd m%fndaOhla bkaÈhdj mqrdu we;slrk ,§' fï ksid rch ms<s.;a bxðfkare wdh;k kefKda ;dlaIKfõoh oefha ¥ orejka fj; ,nd §ug fmruqK .ekSu;a" bkaÈhdkq úYaj úoHd,j, fodrgq kefKda ;dlaIKfõ§ka yg jeä ÿr wOHdmkh ,nd .ekSug uxfm;a újr lr§u;a ta u.ska bkaÈhdkq orejkag" kefKda bxðfkare úoHdj ms<sn|j" mYapd;a Wmdê fiau wdpd¾h Wmdêo msßkeófï mdGud,d ixúOdkh ùu o mqrd oYl folla ^1990 isg 2012& jeks flá ld,hla ;=< bkaÈhdj mE wdYap¾hh ieneúkau láka n;, fld, isgqùula fkdùh'
bkaÈhdkq úoHd{hl= jk úfkdaoa l=ud¾ .=ma;dg wkqj j¾I 1990 § kefKda ;dlaIK m¾fhaIK iïnkaOj ,shEù t<s oelajqK tlÿ fyda ,shEú,a,la uq¿ bkaÈhdjgu ke;s úh'
tfy;a fuu ;;ajh j¾I 2007 § tfyu msákau jdf.a fjkia úh' j¾I 2007 uq,a udih lSmfha § tn÷ f,aLk 2200 la m%ldYhg m;a flreK w;r 2007 wjidkfha § tu m%udKh 21"000 olajd by< keÛ ;sîu ;=<ska úoHudk jQfha uydpd¾h rdfjda we;=¿ foaYfma%ñ úoHd{hkaf.a cd;sl kefKda ;dlaIKsl m%fndaOfha uysuhhs' fï jk úg bkaÈhdj kj fidhd .ekSï 35 lg wêl m%udKhlg fmagkaÜ n,m;%h o ysñ lrf.k isà'
fï jk úg wfma wi,ajeis bkaÈhdj" cmdkh" wefußldj" tlai;a rdcOdksh yd ;rugu kefKda ;dlaIKfõoh w;ska bÈßfhkau fõ' b;d kqÿre Èfkl § W;=re bkaÈhdfõ pkaÈ.d¾ k.rfha § wefußldkq fvd,¾ ì,shk ish oyia .Kkl kefKda mqrhla ^Nano City& bÈlsÍug iî¾ Ndágd ^Sabir Bhatita& ^iu ks¾ud;D 'Hot mail'& iQodkñka isà'
ta wm olskafka wi,ajeis bkaÈhdfõ kefKda wdvïnrhhs'
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| Nano City |
ffjoH úoHdj" lDIs l¾udka;h" frÈms<s l¾udka;h iy mßirh úIhkays,d j¾;udk f,dalh kefKda ;dlaIKh Ndú; lrk whqre wdYajdocklh" úYauh cklh' fulS lreKq ldrKd .ek wOHhkh lrk l, wmg wm .ek isf;kafka - wfka foõo;a kqÿgq fudlamqr lshd h'
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| Nano Sensors |
óg wu;rj mYq iïm; ixj¾Okh i|yd o j¾;udk f,dalh kefKda ;dlaIKh Ndú; lrhs' kefKda wxY= u.ska mYq iïm; i|yd j¾Ol fydafudak" tkak;a iy cdk bxðfkare ;dlaIKh i|yd DNA Ndú; lsÍfï l%ufõo myiq fldg ;sfí'
frÈms<s l¾udka;fhys kj udkhla we;s lrñka frÈ fia§fï § jofhka Tnj uqod .ekSug oeka kefKda ;dlaIKhg yels ù ;sfí' kefKda m¾fhaIlhka úiska id¾:lj w;ayod n,d we;s mßÈ jQ,a ^Wool& j¾. iy is,ala ^Silk& j¾. j, frÈ" kefKda ;dlaIKh weiqfrka ksmo jQ fïjd ^Nano Fabric& tys /f`ok l=Kq me,a,ï kefKda wxYq u.ska ld oeóu ksid f.or .Dykshg fyda Tng frÈ fia§u .ek bÈßfha § lror úh hq;= fkdfõ'
tfiau fï whqßkau ksmo jQ kefKda ridhksl Èhr u.ska ^iafma% lsÍu u.ska& Tnf.a uq¿;ekaf.hs we;s oe,s l=Kq iyuq,skau bj;a lr oukjd muKla fkdj tajd h<s tl;= ùuo j<ld ouhs'
fï jk úg fpla ckrch o" kefKda ;dlaIKfõofha fmr<sldr rgla njg m;afjñka uymßudKfhka kefkda fl¢;s ^Nano Fiber& ksmojñka isà' fï jk úg fpla rdcHfha úYaj úoHd, 37 la iy cd;sl m¾fhaIK wdh;k 09 la kefKda ;dlaIKh jeä ÈhqKq lsÍfï m¾fhaIKhkays ksr;j isà'
ld¾ólrKh fyda kd.ÍlrKh fyda l=uk kulska ye¢kajqj o úI ÿï ksid wmg ksoyfia yqiau .ekSu;a c, uQ,dY% wmsßisÿ ùu ksid îug msßisÿ j;=r álla fkdue;s ùfuka o" Èfkka Èku ure ;=re,g hk jákd ñksia Ôú; ixLHdj jißka jir jeä jkq fmfka' ,xldfõ wmg úfYaIfhka" tmamdj, yd W;=re ueo we;eï m%foaYj, w;s úYd, ck;djla jl=.vq frda.Ska njg m;a ù isákafka fndk c,hg ner f,day uqiq ùu ksid h' tfy;a wo ojfia§ kefKda ;dlaIKhg fï úkdYfhka ck;dj uqod .ekSfï yelshdj ;sfnk nj" we;eï úg" rfÜ n,OdÍka fkdokakjd úh yel'
yß; kefKda ;dlaIKh ^Green Nano Technology& Tiafia isÿ flÍ we;s m¾fhaIK u.ska fyg f,djg hym;a mßirhla ìys lsÍfï udj; Wod ù ;sfí'
ksIamdok l%shdj,shka Wfoid wju n,Yla;shla fhoùu iy ieuúgu mdúÉÑhg .ekSfuka miq bj;,k oE m%;spl%SlrKh lsÍu" mßir ys;ldó wuqo%jH Ndú;h jeä j¾Okh lsÍu fiau" ì,shk ixLHd; jQ f,dal ck;djg" kefKda ;dlaIK l%ufõo Ndú;fhka úIîc" wmsßiqÿ oE bj;afldg fmrd" msßisÿ l< mdkSh c,h ,nd §u" f,dalfha ó<`. l¾udka; úma,jh fõ'
fï wkqj n,k l, j;auka iudc m%.ukh Wfoid kefKda ;dlaIK l%ufõohka Ndú; lsÍu ;=<ska mßirh" fi!LH iy wdrlaIdj iqrlaIs; lsÍug" iqúYd, jQ bvyirla we;s flfrñka mj;sk nj ms<s.ekSug wm ue,súh hq;= ke;'
ld¾ñl úma,jh f,dalhgu ,nd ÿka tla Nhdkl w;=reM,hla jQfha ms<sld frda.hhs' idudkHfhka úúO frda. mSvd" w;=re wka;rd hkdÈh fya;=fjka f,dal ck.ykfhka ñ,shk 58-65 w;r m%udKhla tla jirl § ñh h;s' idudkHfhka fuu urK w;=frka 13] - 15] w;r m%udKhlgu urK jfrka;=j jQfha ms<sld frda.hhs' j¾I 2015 jk úg f,dal ck.ykfhka ñ,shk 09 la ms<sldfjka ñh hk nj;a" j¾I 2030 § tu ixLHdj ñ,shk 11'4 olajd by< hk nj;a fmkajd § we;af;a 2006 f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkh ksl=;a l< jd¾;djlg wkqjh'
ms<sld j¾. y÷kd.ekSu" ksÍlaIKh" ksjerÈ b,lalhg m%;sldr lsÍu kefKda ;dlaIK l%u yryd myiq ù ;sfí' jirlg 15"000 la muK msßila ms<sld frda.Ska njg m;ajk wfma rgg o fuu fidhd .ekSï fyg ojfia § wdYs¾jdohla jkq we;'
ms<sld j¾. úfYaIfhkau msßñkaf.a" f*diafÜ%Ü .%ka:sh wdY%s; ms<sld y÷kd .ekSug fm%daàka wdia;rKh l< ^Prolein Coated Nano Wires& kefkda jh¾ fhdod .efka' idudkH ffjrihlg jvd mia .=Khlska l=vd jQo b;d Yla;su;a fiao kQ,la n÷ §ma;su;a is,sld úfYaIhlska fuu kefkda jh¾ ksmojd ;sfí'
ms<sld ffi,u b,lal fldg" wfkl=;a ffi, yd mgl j,g ydks fkdjk mßÈ myr §ug;a" úkdY lsÍug;a yelshdj we;s" kefkda fI,aia ^Nano Shells& kue;s ms<sld ffi, b,lal fldg úkdY lr oeóu kQ;k l%ufõoh j¾;udkfha wm w;aolsk ;j;a tla kefKda ydialuls'
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| Carbon Nano Tubes |
nyq ld¾h kefKda o%jH ^Multi Functional Nano Meterials& fud<fha yg.kakd ms<sld f.ä ^Brain Tumer&" mgl fyda bkao%shka fyda r;alsÍu ;=<ska ^Heating of organs and Tissus by placing multi Functional nano meterials& zkefKda ;dm m%;sldrZ l%ufõoh ^Nano thermal Therapy& wo ojfia § ms<sld ffi,hkaf.a udrhd njg m;a ù we;af;a" ldnka kefKda áhqíia j, jQ iqúfYaIs ;dm ikakdhl .=Kdx.hka ksid h' fï wkqj n,k l, wkd.; f,dalfha" ldnka kefKda áhqíia i|yd oejeka; fj<|fmd<la ks¾udKh jk nj b;d meyeÈ,sh' fuu ,smsh wdrïNfha§u ,shqïlre m%ldY l< mßÈ Y%S ,xldfõ wms r;a;rx wdlrhla u; ys|f.k nq,;a úg imñka y;r wf;a le; lrñka isákafka hEhs lshQ l;dj" fndrejla fkdj" ienEjlau njg meyeÈ,s idlaIsh jkafka'
fï jk úg wfma fmd<fjka ydrd .kq ,nk ñksrka ^VEIN GRAPHITE& j,ska by; wm i|yka l< úYañ; ldnka kefKda áhqíia f,dalfha uq,a jrg ksIamdokh lr we;af;a" isß,la ujf.a m%{d iïmkak mq;%fhl= jQ" oekg fmardfoKsh úYaj úoHd,fha úÿ,s yd úÿ,s bf,lafg%dksl bxðfkare fomd¾;fïka;=fõ fcHIaG l;sldpd¾hjrhl= jQ" wdpd¾h ,s,ka; iurkdhlfhda ksid h' ^j¾I 2010 § isÿ l< Tyqf.a fuu kj fidhd .ekSu fjkqfjka fmagkaÜ n,m;%hla <`.§u ,eîug kshñ;h&
wms wfma ñksrka ^VEIN GRAPHITE& fuá%la fgdka tlla weußldkq fvd,¾ 1200 lg msgrgg mgjuq' msg/áfhda tu ñksrka fhdod ksIamdokh lrkq ,nk ;ks ia:r ldnka kefkda áhqíia ^Single Wall Carbon Nano Tubes - SWCNT'S& tl .%Eï tlla we' fvd,¾ 450 l ñ,lg" fj<|fmdf<a wf,ú lr;s' fï fjki wm jgyd .kafka ljodo@
ienúkau wm ys|f.k fkdj nqÈhdf.ku isákafka rka wdlrhla u;u fkdfõ o@ wo ojfia wfma rg jeà isák wd¾:sl w.dOfhka f.dv taug wjYH iajdNdúl iïm;a fiau" bka ksis M, m%fhdack .ekSug yels jákdu udkj iïm; o wm i;=j ;sìh § f,dalhdf.ka Khg i,a,s f.k" wcgdldYhg ~mdg irex.,a~ hEùfï fidank jHdmD;sj,g fldaá .Kka uqo,a jeh lrkjd fjkqjg" f,dalfha ;=kajeks l¾udka; úma,jfha fmr.ukalrejd jQ kefKda ;dlaIKh ^mud ù fyda& rgg oefkk fia ixj¾Okh lsÍug" jeäÈhqKq lsÍug rdcH ueÈy;a ùula ,nd §u" hq.fha wjYH;djla fkdjkafka o@
oekg Y%S ,xldfõ kefKda ;dlaIKh ms<sn|j m¾fhaIK wdh;khla" rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl fowxYfha wdOdr u; l%shd;aul fjñka mej;sh o wjYH m%;smdok iy há;, myiqlï j, W!k;d ksid .uk isÿjkafka ´kEjg tmdjg h' cd;sl kefKda ;dlaIKsl wdh;khla i|yd miq.sh jif¾ § uq,a .,la o ;enqjd u;lh' tfy;a kefKda ;dlaIKh .ek fuf,da ryla ke;s foaYmd,k nj,f;l=g wod< wud;HdxYh tl, ndr ù ;sîu ksid ta foaj,a ta whqßkau isÿjkakg o we;'
úÿ,s bxðfkarejrhl= fyn jQ úÿ,sh yd n,Yla;s wud;HxYh kS;s{jßhlg ysñùu;a kS;s{jßhl fyn jQ úoHd yd ;dlaIKsl wud;HdxYh" h<s;a jrla úoHdj okakd" tfukau" mßirhg fiau ;u ud;D NQñhg;a uy;a fia wdorh lrk foaYmd,k uy;auhl=g ysñùu;a l¿ j<djl we÷k ߧ f¾Ldjla fia ,shqïlre olS' tod" uydpd¾h ;siai ú;drKfhda ÿgq isyskh fuod ienEjla lsÍfï j.lSu mdG,S pïmsl rKjl .re úoHd yd ;dlaIK weue;s;=ud fj;ska isÿjkq we;ehs ,shqïlre ;=< úfYaI n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla ;sfí' fuu ,smsh ,sùug ,shqïlre fm<U jQ ksñ;a; o th uehs'
wo wfma rfÜ wdKavq mlaIh fiau úreoaO mlaIh;a" tfiau rfÜ uyck;dj;a oEia ne|f.k lKduqÜáh ì£fï" uyd cd;sl l%Svdjl ksr; ù isà' myr Èh hq;= ksYaÑ; ch.%dyS b,lalh" yqol,d ù Tfya t,af,ñka ;sìh § wms" w;e;s uq.=r lsisÿ b,lalhla ke;sj" y;r wf;a jkñka" tlsfkldf.a T¿ m,d .ksñka ld,h .; lruq'
cd;shla jYfhka ksoyi ,nd jir 65 la bl=;a ù yudrh' ksoyiska miqj wm wd uÛ foi wdmiq yeÍ ne,Sfï § ieneúkau wm iskdish hq;= o@ ke;skï ye`äh hq;= oehs wmgu fkdf;af¾'
ksoyi ,enQ od isg fï olajdu rg md,kh l< Woúh jeä ld,hla .; lf<a tlsfkld úiska we;slrkq ,enQ wjq,a ,sySug h' tajd yßhg oyx .eg jf.a h' cd;sjd§ wjq, ;%ia;jdohla njg m;a ù tu wjq, ,syd .ekSug wfma rgg jir 30 lau .sfha h' j;auka ckm;s ;=udf.a foaYmd,k kdhl;ajh;a" ;%súO yuqodfõ lem lsÍu;a fkdjkakg rg ;ju wjqf,ka wjqf,auh' fuu udrl .egh ,syd f.k jir y;rlg wdikak jqj o" rfÜ Kh nr tkak tkaku jeä fjñka mj;S' tod fõ, msßuid .ekSug nyq;r ÿ.S ck;dj .kakd jQ fjfyi wmuK h' we;af;da l;s fnd;s' ke;af;da o;añáo l;s'
chka; úfþisxy
^jayantha005@gmail.com&
úIh uQ,dY% - wka;¾cd,h iy
Intermational Journal of
pharmaceutical science and nano
technology volume 3
úfYaI ia;=;sh ^wdpd¾h ,s,ka; iurkdhl" fcHIaG l:sldpd¾h fmardfoKsh úYajúoHd,h' bxðfkare mSGh&
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