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kd. Ydmh
kd. f.da;%slhka isxy, b;sydifha o i|yka jk m%n, ck j¾.hls' tfukau isxy, iy fou< cd;sljdoh ueo ia:dk.; jQ ck j¾.hls' hl=ka f.!;u nqÿka jykafiag uyshx.kfha § tfrys jk úg kd.hka Wkajykafia ms<s.;af;dah' tfukau kd.hkag tfrysj hl=ka flfrys È.= ld,Skj mej;s n, wr.,j,ska furg b;sydih msÍ mj;S' hl=ka iajfoaYsl ck f.da;%hla f,i o kd.hka wd.ka;=l ck f.da;%hla f,i o woyia oelaùula úoaj;a f,dalhdg fõ' fï ish,a, ueo kd.hkaf.a oeä úfrdaOhg n÷ka jQ isxy, rc;=ud jkafka ÿgq.euqKqh' tu lreK ie,ls,a,g .ksñka kd.hka o%úv cd;sfha uQ, ck f.da;%h njg uqo,s rdikdh.ï iajlSh lD;s lSmhlskau ft;sydisl ;¾lhla bÈßm;a lrhs' Tyqf.a u;h tla w;lska m%n, jkafka ,laÈj isxy," fou< cd;sljdofha WKqiqïu foaYmd,k iuh jQ t<dr yd ÿgq.euqKq hq.h ii|d n,k úgh'
ÿgq.euqKq ud.u Èkd .ekSfuka miq udhd rg Èkd .kakg oerE ;e; j<lajkafka tys úiQ kd.hkah' bka blaì;sj ÿgq.euqKq l=ureg ;u uj jQ úydr uyd foaúh hqo fmruqfKa bÈßfhkau ;nd.kakg isÿjQfha fï ksidh' ÿgq.euqKqg úreoaO jQ udhd rg kd. m%NQyq úydr uyd foaúhg wjk; jQy' bka ud.u o udhd rg o tlai;a fldgf.k rcrg Èkd .kakg .euqKq l=ureg moku ilia lr .; yels úh'
ÿgq.euqKq l=ureg tfrysj kd. úfrdaOh h<s;a biau;a;g tkafka fiare kqjr§ iy fidau kqjr§h' ta §>dNh l=ure yrydh' fiare kqjr;a fidau kqjr;a ud.u rdcOdksfhka o rcrg rdcOdksfhka o úhqla; jQ ckmo úh' fuu ckmo folu kd. f.da;%slhkaf.a iqmsß fjf<| k.r jQ w;r" §>dNh l=ure yryd md,kh jQ fn!oaO mqrjrhka o úh' ÿgq.euqKq l=ureg udhd rg Èkd ÿka ;u uõ;=ñh fiare kqjr yd fidau kqjr kd. úfrdaOh o iukh lr ÿkafkah' fï ish,a, fj;ska fmfkk lreKla kï ÿgq.euqKqf.a isxy, rKjdofha uqyqK; hla f.da;%slhka jQ neúka th kd. f.da;%slhka ms<sflõ l< njls' fkdfõ kï uqo,s rdikdh.ï mçjrhd C%s'j' 1906 rÑ; ;u ”mqrd;k hdmkh” lD;sfhka ;¾l lrk f,i kd.hka kQ;k fou< cd;sfha w;S; mdou jk ksidh' fï ms<sn| isxy, b;sydi{fhda;a fou< b;sydi{fhda;a ksula ke;s újdohl ;ju;a .s,S isá;s'
ÿgq.euqKq l=ure t<dr rcq o Tyqf.a fou< fiakdj o kid È.aúch lf<ah' bkamiq rc ÿgq.euqKqf.a fhdaO mshjr jQfha uyd iEh rejkaje,siEh kexùuh' ta i|yd Tyqg uyfuõkd Whfka msysá fm!rdKsl rka f;<Uq jDlaIh lmd fy<kakg isÿúh' tu isÿùu ÿgq.euqKqg tfrysj udrl úfrdaOdl,amhla mek ke.Sug fya;=jQ w;r tlS úfrdaOhg uq,ajQ .dä jxYh foaYmd,kslj ixúOdkh lf<a kd. f.da;% n<uq¨j úiskah' th md.d oud uyd iEh kexùu i|yd ÿgq.euqKq rcq tä;r úh'
tfy;a uyd iEfha ;ekam;a lsÍu i|yd i¾j{ Od;=ka jykafia,d /qf.k uy ry;=ka jykafia,d fmdala iuqo% ikaêh yryd jevuùfï § Wkajykafia,dg uyd úfrdaO;djlg uqyqK §ug isÿjQ nj uydjxYh i|yka lrhs' tu úfrdaO;dfõ fmruqK .;af;a o kd.hkah' th Èh f.dv folskau isÿjQ hqoaOhla n÷ jQfhah' Nla;su;a fn!oaOhka f,i b;sydih mqrd yuqjk kd. f.da;%sl uQ, kd.hka fuf,i uyd iEhg úfrdaOh m< lf<a ukao@ úfgl kd.hkaf.a foaYmd,ksl WNf;dafldaálh jkafka o thuh' ÿgq.euqKq rcqg fn!oaO;ajh jvd;a fyd¢ka wdfrdamKh lr .ekSug fuu úfrdaO;d fya;= jQfhah' wka w;lska uyd iEfha ;ekam;a lrkakg ,nd.;a i¾j{ Od;+ka jykafia,d t;=jla l,a Èúysñfhka /lf.k isáfha o kd.hkah'
kd.hka i;=j ;snQ i¾j{ Od;=ka jykafia,d ÿgq.euqKq rc;=ud w;am;a lr.;a YQr fufyhqu fjku l;sld l< hq;a;ls' kd.hka i;=jQ m%n,;u ft;sydisl iïm; jQfha f.!;u nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a i¾j{ Od;+ka jykafia,dh' kd.)hla È.= ld,Sk ffjrh ÿgq.euqKq iufha l+gm%dma;shg meñK fl<jr jQfha kd.hkaf.a ft;sydisl iïm; ÿgq.euqKq w;g m;aùfuks'
.egqu fkdkej;=Ks' kd.fhda flá l,la ÿ¾uqLj isáfhdah' ÿgq.euqKq rcq uyd iEh kxjk ld¾hfhah' isjqi;<sia jirl ^44& t<dr md,kh ksud fldg ,la fmdf<da ;,h u; kxjk wiydh ks¾udKh bÈlsÍu werUqfKah' ck yo ;=< jQfha ÿgq.euqKq br" y| mj;sk;dla rg lrjk md,lhd úh hq;=h hkakh' th fl;rï .eUqre f,i ldjeo ;snqfKa o h;a úch rcq isxy,hkag odhdo l< isxy, cd;sl Och o ÿgq.euqKq iufha fjkia jQfhah' ;ks isxy reúka hq;a isxy, cd;sl Och isxyhd fomiska br i| ,l=Kq we;=<;aj ;j uqyqKqjrla .;af;ah' ta .euqKq iuh iod;ksl jk njg ;j;a wre;la úh' bÈjk uyd iEh ta úiauhg ;j;a n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla tla lf<ah' iiqka NdrOdÍ f;reka jykafia,d rdc foaYmd,ksl NdrOdßka jykafia,d jk ;rug iiqk rdcH md,kh iu. iyjdi .; flßKs' fï ish,a, jvd;a flakao%.; jQfha uyd iEhg i¾j{ Od;=ka jykafia,d ,o Woï iy.; cfhka wk;=rejh'
uyd iE .¾Nfha Od;= ksoka l< ux.,Hhg miqj ÿgq.euqKq uy rc ÿgq reÿre isyskh Tyqf.a wd;auh ii, lf<ah' t;eka mgka uyd iEh kxjd tys rkafld; n¢k ;=re Tyqg bjiSula fkdúKs' uyd iE u¿jg ú;a tys lghq;= läkï lrùu yer Tyq w;ska tl, fjk;a rdcH md,k lghq;a;la bgq fkdúKs' th fl;rï nrm;< jQfha o h;a rc ÿgq.euqKq rdc iNdj meje;ajQfha uyd iE u¿fõ§h' ysñÈßfha uyd iE u¿jg meñKs uy rcq rd;%sh <.d jk;=re tys isáñka jev uqr blauka lf<ah'
tla ie|Ejl uy rc;=udf.a ysi ueog mek .;a kd.fhla Tyqf.a ysi yß ueo mdod fmkh mqïnd úI o<ska wek i;a jrla ysi uqÿkg .id kslauqfKah' mqreI ù¾hfhka msßmqka rc urKhg uqyqK fokakg úh' fï w;r kd.hd rcqf.a rdclSh fjoeÿrdg o myr § urd oeuqfõh' kd. m%ydrfhka T;am, uy rcq i;a Èkla urKh iu. igka fldg urKhg m;ajQfhah'
ÿgq.euqKq uy rc >d;kh l< fuu wNsryi jir fooyila uq¿,af,a isxy, wms o b;sydi l;dlrejka o iÛjd f.k meñK we;af;uq' ta ukao hehs fkdoksñ' ta;a isxy, ck l;dlre wmQre ck l:djla ckm%jdo .; lr we;' ta wkqj ÿgq.euqKq uy rcq hqoaOh ÈkQ ú.i hdmkfha kd.§mhg f.dia Whkla bÈlf<ah' úfõlh" ieye,a¨j wejeis úg ta kd. Whkg imeñK ;kslv ùu rcqf.a isß;h' Èkla Whkam,a,d jQ ”chfiak” kd. fmdl=Kg nei iqyqUq,a kd. fl<s;a;shla yd rd. yqr;,hl fj<S isákq ÿgq rcqg ldu Woa§mkh ù chfiakf.ka kd. fl<s;a;sh Wÿrd f.k weh yd ruKh lf<ah' bka fldamhg m;ajQ chfiakj f., md.d uy rc urd oukakg W;aidy l< nj;a" rcq w;ska tys§ chfiak ñh .sh nj;a i|yka fõ' ta fudfydf;a ”f;da kd.fhla fj,d weú;a urñ” hehs mjid chfiak wjika iqiqu fy<d we;s nj ckm%jdo l;dj jeäÿrg;a lshhs'
tfia kï ÿgq.euqKq uy rcq rejkaje,s iE u¿fõ § úI úo urd oeuqfõ Tyquo@ fkdfõ kï ljqreo@ kd.hka úiska ÿgq.euqKqg tfrysj ld,hla mqrd f.k .sh ffjrfha wjidkh fuho@ fuys mjik kd.hd kd.hl= o fkdfõ kï kd. f.da;%slhl= o@ fï lsisjla ksYaÑ; lr.ekSug b;sydih wmg bv§ ke;' ir,j mjif;d;a ÿgq.euqKq uy rc;=udf.a urK mÍlaIK jd¾;dj ck.; fkdjqfKah' th b;sydifõ§ka b;sydi.; lsÍula o fkdlf<dah' .euqKq rcq isßf;a ish,a, ,shd we;' Tyqf.a ìij o Tyqf.a urKh o b;sydifhka iÛjd ;nd we;' ta ukao@ ÿgq.euqKq ysi uia;lhg úo t;=ud urd oeuQ kd.hd ldf.a ljqoehs wms ;ju;a fkdoksuq' ta;a Tyq fyda tu i¾mhd ft;sydisl rdc foaYmd,k n, wr.,hl Ôjudk idOlhla nj meyeÈ,sh' ishjia úiaila f.ù f.dia we;;a isxy, cd;sfha wiydh rdcúrejdf.a urK mÍlaIKh fidhd ne,sh hq;=h' lsisfjla ta .ek fkdis;;s' ta;a fuh b;sydi ksñ;a;ls'
ta wkqj ÿgq.euqKq rc >d;kh l< kd.hd tl, rcq w;ska mrdch jQ kd. ck f.da;%fha ffjr m%d¾:kdjo@ fkdfõ kï o%úv ck uQ,fha ffjr m%d¾:kdjo@ tfia;a fkdfõ kï kd. Whfka § ;u fmïj;sh meyer.;a fYdalh ffjrhg fmr<S ÿgq.euqKq rcq w;ska ñh .sh chfiakf.a wd;auh o@ tfia;a fkdue;s kï ÿgq.euqKq rc;=udf.a l¾u úmdlho@ tfia fkdfõ kï fï ish¨ idOl tlg tlaù isÿjQ kshduhla o@ flfia kuq;a wjidkfha ÿgq.euqKq rcqu n,fhka myl< ioaOd;siaig ,laÈj rc moúh h<s;a ,enqfKah' .euqKq mq;a l=ure id,sh rdc foaYmd,kh yer mshd frduekaál od¾Ykslhl= jQfhah' t<dr >d;kh l< ÿgq.euqKq rcq o >d;kh úh' uyd iEh iod;ksl jQfhah' b;sydih i¾j idOdrK ßoauhl wl=re ud;%djla hehs úfgl isf;kafka tneúks'
,xld§m mqj;amf;a m,jQjls
ÿgq.euqKq l=ureg tfrysj kd. úfrdaOh h<s;a biau;a;g tkafka fiare kqjr§ iy fidau kqjr§h' ta §>dNh l=ure yrydh' fiare kqjr;a fidau kqjr;a ud.u rdcOdksfhka o rcrg rdcOdksfhka o úhqla; jQ ckmo úh' fuu ckmo folu kd. f.da;%slhkaf.a iqmsß fjf<| k.r jQ w;r" §>dNh l=ure yryd md,kh jQ fn!oaO mqrjrhka o úh' ÿgq.euqKq l=ureg udhd rg Èkd ÿka ;u uõ;=ñh fiare kqjr yd fidau kqjr kd. úfrdaOh o iukh lr ÿkafkah' fï ish,a, fj;ska fmfkk lreKla kï ÿgq.euqKqf.a isxy, rKjdofha uqyqK; hla f.da;%slhka jQ neúka th kd. f.da;%slhka ms<sflõ l< njls' fkdfõ kï uqo,s rdikdh.ï mçjrhd C%s'j' 1906 rÑ; ;u ”mqrd;k hdmkh” lD;sfhka ;¾l lrk f,i kd.hka kQ;k fou< cd;sfha w;S; mdou jk ksidh' fï ms<sn| isxy, b;sydi{fhda;a fou< b;sydi{fhda;a ksula ke;s újdohl ;ju;a .s,S isá;s'
ÿgq.euqKq l=ure t<dr rcq o Tyqf.a fou< fiakdj o kid È.aúch lf<ah' bkamiq rc ÿgq.euqKqf.a fhdaO mshjr jQfha uyd iEh rejkaje,siEh kexùuh' ta i|yd Tyqg uyfuõkd Whfka msysá fm!rdKsl rka f;<Uq jDlaIh lmd fy<kakg isÿúh' tu isÿùu ÿgq.euqKqg tfrysj udrl úfrdaOdl,amhla mek ke.Sug fya;=jQ w;r tlS úfrdaOhg uq,ajQ .dä jxYh foaYmd,kslj ixúOdkh lf<a kd. f.da;% n<uq¨j úiskah' th md.d oud uyd iEh kexùu i|yd ÿgq.euqKq rcq tä;r úh'
tfy;a uyd iEfha ;ekam;a lsÍu i|yd i¾j{ Od;=ka jykafia,d /qf.k uy ry;=ka jykafia,d fmdala iuqo% ikaêh yryd jevuùfï § Wkajykafia,dg uyd úfrdaO;djlg uqyqK §ug isÿjQ nj uydjxYh i|yka lrhs' tu úfrdaO;dfõ fmruqK .;af;a o kd.hkah' th Èh f.dv folskau isÿjQ hqoaOhla n÷ jQfhah' Nla;su;a fn!oaOhka f,i b;sydih mqrd yuqjk kd. f.da;%sl uQ, kd.hka fuf,i uyd iEhg úfrdaOh m< lf<a ukao@ úfgl kd.hkaf.a foaYmd,ksl WNf;dafldaálh jkafka o thuh' ÿgq.euqKq rcqg fn!oaO;ajh jvd;a fyd¢ka wdfrdamKh lr .ekSug fuu úfrdaO;d fya;= jQfhah' wka w;lska uyd iEfha ;ekam;a lrkakg ,nd.;a i¾j{ Od;+ka jykafia,d t;=jla l,a Èúysñfhka /lf.k isáfha o kd.hkah'
kd.hka i;=j ;snQ i¾j{ Od;=ka jykafia,d ÿgq.euqKq rc;=ud w;am;a lr.;a YQr fufyhqu fjku l;sld l< hq;a;ls' kd.hka i;=jQ m%n,;u ft;sydisl iïm; jQfha f.!;u nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a i¾j{ Od;+ka jykafia,dh' kd.)hla È.= ld,Sk ffjrh ÿgq.euqKq iufha l+gm%dma;shg meñK fl<jr jQfha kd.hkaf.a ft;sydisl iïm; ÿgq.euqKq w;g m;aùfuks'
.egqu fkdkej;=Ks' kd.fhda flá l,la ÿ¾uqLj isáfhdah' ÿgq.euqKq rcq uyd iEh kxjk ld¾hfhah' isjqi;<sia jirl ^44& t<dr md,kh ksud fldg ,la fmdf<da ;,h u; kxjk wiydh ks¾udKh bÈlsÍu werUqfKah' ck yo ;=< jQfha ÿgq.euqKq br" y| mj;sk;dla rg lrjk md,lhd úh hq;=h hkakh' th fl;rï .eUqre f,i ldjeo ;snqfKa o h;a úch rcq isxy,hkag odhdo l< isxy, cd;sl Och o ÿgq.euqKq iufha fjkia jQfhah' ;ks isxy reúka hq;a isxy, cd;sl Och isxyhd fomiska br i| ,l=Kq we;=<;aj ;j uqyqKqjrla .;af;ah' ta .euqKq iuh iod;ksl jk njg ;j;a wre;la úh' bÈjk uyd iEh ta úiauhg ;j;a n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla tla lf<ah' iiqka NdrOdÍ f;reka jykafia,d rdc foaYmd,ksl NdrOdßka jykafia,d jk ;rug iiqk rdcH md,kh iu. iyjdi .; flßKs' fï ish,a, jvd;a flakao%.; jQfha uyd iEhg i¾j{ Od;=ka jykafia,d ,o Woï iy.; cfhka wk;=rejh'
uyd iE .¾Nfha Od;= ksoka l< ux.,Hhg miqj ÿgq.euqKq uy rc ÿgq reÿre isyskh Tyqf.a wd;auh ii, lf<ah' t;eka mgka uyd iEh kxjd tys rkafld; n¢k ;=re Tyqg bjiSula fkdúKs' uyd iE u¿jg ú;a tys lghq;= läkï lrùu yer Tyq w;ska tl, fjk;a rdcH md,k lghq;a;la bgq fkdúKs' th fl;rï nrm;< jQfha o h;a rc ÿgq.euqKq rdc iNdj meje;ajQfha uyd iE u¿fõ§h' ysñÈßfha uyd iE u¿jg meñKs uy rcq rd;%sh <.d jk;=re tys isáñka jev uqr blauka lf<ah'
tla ie|Ejl uy rc;=udf.a ysi ueog mek .;a kd.fhla Tyqf.a ysi yß ueo mdod fmkh mqïnd úI o<ska wek i;a jrla ysi uqÿkg .id kslauqfKah' mqreI ù¾hfhka msßmqka rc urKhg uqyqK fokakg úh' fï w;r kd.hd rcqf.a rdclSh fjoeÿrdg o myr § urd oeuqfõh' kd. m%ydrfhka T;am, uy rcq i;a Èkla urKh iu. igka fldg urKhg m;ajQfhah'
ÿgq.euqKq uy rc >d;kh l< fuu wNsryi jir fooyila uq¿,af,a isxy, wms o b;sydi l;dlrejka o iÛjd f.k meñK we;af;uq' ta ukao hehs fkdoksñ' ta;a isxy, ck l;dlre wmQre ck l:djla ckm%jdo .; lr we;' ta wkqj ÿgq.euqKq uy rcq hqoaOh ÈkQ ú.i hdmkfha kd.§mhg f.dia Whkla bÈlf<ah' úfõlh" ieye,a¨j wejeis úg ta kd. Whkg imeñK ;kslv ùu rcqf.a isß;h' Èkla Whkam,a,d jQ ”chfiak” kd. fmdl=Kg nei iqyqUq,a kd. fl<s;a;shla yd rd. yqr;,hl fj<S isákq ÿgq rcqg ldu Woa§mkh ù chfiakf.ka kd. fl<s;a;sh Wÿrd f.k weh yd ruKh lf<ah' bka fldamhg m;ajQ chfiakj f., md.d uy rc urd oukakg W;aidy l< nj;a" rcq w;ska tys§ chfiak ñh .sh nj;a i|yka fõ' ta fudfydf;a ”f;da kd.fhla fj,d weú;a urñ” hehs mjid chfiak wjika iqiqu fy<d we;s nj ckm%jdo l;dj jeäÿrg;a lshhs'
tfia kï ÿgq.euqKq uy rcq rejkaje,s iE u¿fõ § úI úo urd oeuqfõ Tyquo@ fkdfõ kï ljqreo@ kd.hka úiska ÿgq.euqKqg tfrysj ld,hla mqrd f.k .sh ffjrfha wjidkh fuho@ fuys mjik kd.hd kd.hl= o fkdfõ kï kd. f.da;%slhl= o@ fï lsisjla ksYaÑ; lr.ekSug b;sydih wmg bv§ ke;' ir,j mjif;d;a ÿgq.euqKq uy rc;=udf.a urK mÍlaIK jd¾;dj ck.; fkdjqfKah' th b;sydifõ§ka b;sydi.; lsÍula o fkdlf<dah' .euqKq rcq isßf;a ish,a, ,shd we;' Tyqf.a ìij o Tyqf.a urKh o b;sydifhka iÛjd ;nd we;' ta ukao@ ÿgq.euqKq ysi uia;lhg úo t;=ud urd oeuQ kd.hd ldf.a ljqoehs wms ;ju;a fkdoksuq' ta;a Tyq fyda tu i¾mhd ft;sydisl rdc foaYmd,k n, wr.,hl Ôjudk idOlhla nj meyeÈ,sh' ishjia úiaila f.ù f.dia we;;a isxy, cd;sfha wiydh rdcúrejdf.a urK mÍlaIKh fidhd ne,sh hq;=h' lsisfjla ta .ek fkdis;;s' ta;a fuh b;sydi ksñ;a;ls'
ta wkqj ÿgq.euqKq rc >d;kh l< kd.hd tl, rcq w;ska mrdch jQ kd. ck f.da;%fha ffjr m%d¾:kdjo@ fkdfõ kï o%úv ck uQ,fha ffjr m%d¾:kdjo@ tfia;a fkdfõ kï kd. Whfka § ;u fmïj;sh meyer.;a fYdalh ffjrhg fmr<S ÿgq.euqKq rcq w;ska ñh .sh chfiakf.a wd;auh o@ tfia;a fkdue;s kï ÿgq.euqKq rc;=udf.a l¾u úmdlho@ tfia fkdfõ kï fï ish¨ idOl tlg tlaù isÿjQ kshduhla o@ flfia kuq;a wjidkfha ÿgq.euqKq rcqu n,fhka myl< ioaOd;siaig ,laÈj rc moúh h<s;a ,enqfKah' .euqKq mq;a l=ure id,sh rdc foaYmd,kh yer mshd frduekaál od¾Ykslhl= jQfhah' t<dr >d;kh l< ÿgq.euqKq rcq o >d;kh úh' uyd iEh iod;ksl jQfhah' b;sydih i¾j idOdrK ßoauhl wl=re ud;%djla hehs úfgl isf;kafka tneúks'
,xld§m mqj;amf;a m,jQjls
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